There are four types of PCOS:
- Insulin-resistant PCOS is the most common type, affecting about 70% of people with PCOS. It is caused by a condition called insulin resistance, in which the body’s cells do not respond normally to insulin. This leads to high levels of insulin in the blood, which can cause the ovaries to produce too much testosterone.
- Post-pill PCOS occurs in some people after they stop taking the oral contraceptive pill. The pill can mask the symptoms of PCOS, so when people stop taking it, their symptoms may become more severe.
- Inflammatory PCOS is a less common type of PCOS that is characterized by chronic inflammation. Inflammation can damage the ovaries and lead to excess testosterone production.
- Adrenal PCOS is a rare type of PCOS that is caused by an overactive adrenal gland. The adrenal glands produce hormones, including testosterone, and when they are overactive, they can cause excess testosterone production.
The symptoms of PCOS can vary from person to person, but they may include:
- Irregular or absent menstrual periods
- Acne
- Excess hair growth on the face, chest, and back
- Weight gain, especially around the abdomen
- Infertility
- Mood swings
- Anxiety
- Depression
There is no cure for PCOS, but there are treatments that can help manage the symptoms.
Treatment options may include:
- Medications to regulate hormones
- Weight loss
- Exercise
- Lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet and getting enough sleep
- Fertility treatments, if you are trying to get pregnant
If you think you may have PCOS, it is important to see a doctor for diagnosis and treatment.
